The mineral sector is a vital pillar of the ASEAN economy, directly contributing to economic growth and supporting industrial development as a key raw material source in strategic sectors, including electronics, automotive, construction, and machinery. The mining and quarrying sector directly contributed to nearly 6 percent of the region’s GDP in 2023 (Figure 1), although its indirect impact is much greater given its role as an input into key downstream sectors. The sector includes both metals (e.g. nickel, tin, bauxite, rare earth elements) and non-metallic minerals (e.g. limestone, gypsum, potash), with the ASEAN region also positioned as a significant supplier in global value chains.