In Southeast Asia, climate change has augmented the frequency and intensity of extreme weather conditions such as droughts, floods, and tropical cyclones. As an additional stressoron livelihoods, ecosystems, and infrastructure, it will place large populations and key sectorsin the region at risk (USAID 2010). As climate change vulnerability varies substantially across the region of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), it is imperative to strengthen the resilience of people and ecosystems, and enhance the adaptive capacity of farmers and fishermen to cope with the imminent threat of climate change (AFCC 2009). A team of technical experts and research managers from the Philippine DA and its attached agencies, BAR and BSWM; NEDA; PhilRice; FAO – Manila; GIZ – Philippines; IRRI; and UPLB was consulted to determine regional and national climate change vulnerabilities as well as climate change adaptation (CCA) in the Philippines. Four national consultative meetings were held on 11 and 17 February 2014 at DA-BAR, Quezon City and 20 March 2014 and 14 April 2014 at the Southeast Asian Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture (SEARCA), Los Baños. Lessons learned, good practices to be adopted or adapted and scaled up, and new collaborative initiatives to be undertaken were discussed to ensure environment and food security in Southeast Asia, as well as other regions that are experiencing the adverse impacts of climate change (SEARCA 2012). This study focused on rice and corn, which are the two most important grain crops in the Philippines. Rice, the major staple food in the country, is grown mainly in irrigated and rainfed ecosystems. In 2013, irrigated lowland rice was grown to about 3.2 million hectares (ha) with a total production of 13.82 million tons (t) and an average grain yield of 4.27 t/ha, while rainfed lowland rice was grown to about 1.4 million ha with a total production of 4.39 million t and an average yield of 3.15 t/ha. Yellow corn is the major source of feed materials for the livestock sector, while white corn is also a staple food in the country. In 2013, yellow corn was grown to 1.3 million ha with a total production of 5.24 million t and an average yield of 3.86 t/ha, while white corn was grown to 1.27 million ha with a total production of 4.87 million t and an average yield of 1.67 t/ha. Climate hazards affecting rice and corn production include increase in temperature; increase in frequency, intensity, and duration of extreme climate events such as droughts, floods, and tropical storms; changes in the intensity, timing, and spatial distribution of rainfall; warming temperatures; soil degradation; increase in weather variability; and sea level rise resulting in saltwater intrusion and loss of agricultural land (PhilRice 2011, 2012). The following case studies on good practices in CCA options for rice and corn were prioritized: for irrigated rice, (1) PalayCheck System, (2) Palayamanan Plus, and (3) controlled irrigation or alternate wetting and drying (AWD) technique; for rainfed rice, (1) Palayamanan Plus, (2) controlled irrigation or AWD technique, and (3) climate-ready varieties; for yellow corn, (1) Site-specific Nutrient Management (SSNM), (2) village-type dryer, and (3) sustainable corn production in sloping areas (SCOPSA); and for white corn,(1) promoting wider adaptation of white corn for food or alternative staple food, and (2) village-type white corn mill. These case studies are described in detail in subsequent sections of this document. This report presents the results of the study, discusses climate change vulnerability, reviews CCA and mitigation practices, and evaluates existing policy responses to and initiatives on climate change.