• The Southeast Asia region is one of the world’s highest-risk hotspots for infectious disease emergence and re-emergence, exacerbating the possibility of Public Health Emergencies of Concern - a threat to regional health security. Regional health security instability is a major concern due to its impact on sectors other than health.

• Public Health Emergency interventions are critical to addressing regional health risks and must be tailored to the region’s unique risk factors and challenges. These actions may include developing smart disease surveillance or epidemic awareness at national and regional levels, strengthening Public Health Emergency preparedness, improving Public Health Emergency infrastructure and health worker capacity, ensuring collaborative and intersectoral action, implementing social protection related to health emergencies, and enhancing digital transformation of health