WE, the Ministers responsible for minerals and mines representing the Member States of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), on the occasion of the 9th ASEAN Ministerial Meeting on Minerals (AMMin) on 23 November 2023 in Phnom Penh, Cambodia;

RECOGNISING the shifting patterns of global minerals demand and the expected intensity of minerals use, that is primarily driven by the transition towards low carbon emission technologies, including through renewable energy and energy storage, electrification of transport, digital technologies and digitalisation, even as minerals demand from traditional industries continue to be fueled by construction, manufacturing and agriculture;

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